BharatSanvidhan

Guided story

Defending your rights

Rights · Remedies · Review

464 source-verified articles are on this desk. Browse the list

Part I — The Union and its Territory

Part II — Citizenship

Part III — Fundamental Rights

Part IV — Directive Principles

Part IVA

Part V — The Union

Part VI — The States

Part VIII

Part IX

Part IXA

Part IXB

Part X

Part XI — Relations between the Union and the States

Part XII

Part XIII

Part XIV

Part XIVA

Part XV — Elections

Part XVI

Part XVII

Part XVIII — Emergency Provisions

Part XIX

Part XX — Amendment of the Constitution

Part XXI — Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions

Part XXII

Constitution time machine

2026

Modern

Year filters cases and amendments. This article shows the current official edition, not reconstructed historical wording.

Year 2026

Constitution of India

Part IV — Directive Principles

Article44

Article 44 — Uniform civil code for the citizens

The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.

In plain language

The Constitution asks the State to work toward a uniform civil code — one set of personal laws for citizens — without itself enacting that code in 1950.

Landmark cases

Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum (1985) — Upheld maintenance for a divorced Muslim woman; the sequel shaped the uniform civil code debate

Current official-edition wording. Historical reconstruction is not claimed for this article.

Exam preparation

High

Editorial signal

Case law

Linked judgments

Linked topics

Articles + cases

Part IVGovernanceDirective PrinciplesExam prep

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