BharatSanvidhan

Constitutional overview

Part V — The Union

The Union executive, Parliament, and the Union judiciary.

Key ideas

President and Council of Ministers
Parliament
Supreme Court

Articles on this desk

Art. 52 · The President of India Art. 53 · Executive power of the Union Art. 54 · Election of President Art. 55 · Manner of election of President Art. 56 · Term of office of President Art. 57 · Eligibility for re-election Art. 58 · Qualifications for election as President Art. 59 · Conditions of President's office Art. 60 · Oath or affirmation by the President Art. 61 · Procedure for impeachment of the President Art. 62 · Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy Art. 63 · The Vice-President of India Art. 64 · The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States Art. 65 · The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President Art. 66 · Election of Vice-President Art. 67 · Term of office of Vice-President Art. 68 · Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice- President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy Art. 69 · Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President Art. 70 · Discharge of President's functions in other contingencies Art. 71 · Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President Art. 72 · Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases Art. 73 · Extent of executive power of the Union Art. 74 · Council of Ministers to aid and advise President Art. 75 · Other provisions as to Ministers Art. 76 · Attorney-General for India Art. 77 · Conduct of business of the Government of India Art. 78 · Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc Art. 79 · Constitution of Parliament Art. 80 · Composition of the Council of States Art. 81 · Composition of the House of the People Art. 82 · Readjustment after each census Art. 83 · Duration of Houses of Parliament Art. 84 · Qualification for membership of Parliament Art. 85 · Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution Art. 86 · Right of President to address and send messages to Houses Art. 87 · Special address by the President Art. 88 · Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses Art. 89 · The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States Art. 90 · Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman Art. 91 · Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman Art. 92 · The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration Art. 93 · The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People Art. 94 · Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker Art. 95 · Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker Art. 96 · The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration Art. 97 · Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker Art. 98 · Secretariat of Parliament Art. 99 · Oath or affirmation by members Art. 100 · Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum Art. 101 · Vacation of seats Art. 102 · Disqualifications for membership Art. 103 · Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members Art. 104 · Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified Art. 105 · Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof Art. 106 · Salaries and allowances of members Art. 107 · Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills Art. 108 · Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases Art. 109 · Special procedure in respect of Money Bills Art. 110 · Definition of “Money Bills”Art. 111 · Assent to Bills Art. 112 · Annual financial statement Art. 113 · Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates Art. 114 · Appropriation Bills Art. 115 · Supplementary, additional or excess grants Art. 116 · Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants Art. 117 · Special provisions as to financial Bills Art. 118 · Rules of procedure Art. 119 · Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business Art. 120 · Language to be used in Parliament Art. 121 · Restriction on discussion in Parliament Art. 122 · Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament Art. 123 · Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament Art. 124 · Establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court Art. 125 · Salaries, etc., of Judges Art. 126 · Appointment of acting Chief Justice Art. 127 · Appointment of ad hoc Judges Art. 128 · Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court Art. 129 · Supreme Court to be a court of record Art. 130 · Seat of Supreme Court Art. 131 · Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court Art. 132 · Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases Art. 133 · Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters Art. 134 · Appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters Art. 134A · Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court Art. 135 · Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court Art. 136 · Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court Art. 137 · Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court Art. 138 · Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court Art. 139 · Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs Art. 139A · Transfer of certain cases Art. 140 · Ancillary powers of the Supreme Court Art. 141 · Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts Art. 142 · Enforcement of decrees and orders of the Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc Art. 143 · Power of the President to consult the Supreme Court Art. 144 · Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court Art. 145 · Rules of Court, etc Art. 146 · Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court Art. 147 · Interpretation Art. 148 · Comptroller and Auditor-General of India Art. 149 · Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General Art. 150 · Form of accounts of the Union and of the States Art. 151 · Audit reports

Open Article 52 on the desk